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Study finds saturation in images is key to marketing menu items

The food in the more highly saturated photos looked fresher and tastier to participants, and that led them to be more likely to purchase the food.

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An appealing photo of a pizza or other menu item can help a restaurant increase sales – especially if the right filter is used, a new study suggests. This is because photos high in color saturation make food look fresher and tastier to viewers, which increases their willingness to order the menu items.

Color saturation refers to the intensity of the color in the image – the vividness and richness of the reds and greens and blues.

But how well color saturation works to make food appealing depends on the visual distance of the food in the photo – and even on whether consumers plan to dine alone or with others.

In the cutthroat restaurant business, these results provide a simple method to increase sales, said Stephanie Liu, lead author of the study and associate professor of hospitality management at The Ohio State University.

“On Instagram, it means using the ‘X-Pro II’ filter on your food photos rather than the ‘Earlybird’ filter,” Liu said. “It is not difficult and doesn’t cost a dime, so it is an easy win for restaurant marketers.”

The study was published in the Journal of Business Research.

The researchers did two online studies.

In one study, 267 participants were asked to imagine themselves browsing through options on an online food ordering platform. They were shown photos of a poke bowl, a Hawaiian dish featuring chunks of raw, marinated fish, vegetables and sauce over rice.  They were from a fictitious restaurant named Poke Kitchen.

Study participants were randomly assigned to view one of the four different photos with either high or low color saturation and either close or farther away visual distance.

The photos with high color saturation were edited with professional graphic design software to be 130% more saturated than the low-saturation photos. The up-close photos were 130% larger in radius and appeared nearer to the observer than the more distant photo.

Participants were asked to rate how fresh the food in each photo looked, how tasty it looked and how likely they would be to purchase it.

The food in the more highly saturated photos looked fresher and tastier to participants, and that led them to be more likely to purchase the food, results showed.

But color saturation had a stronger effect when the food appeared more distant in the photos, Liu said. “When the food is shown close up, it is already easy for the viewers to imagine how fresh and tasty the food would be,” she said. “Color saturation is not as necessary.”

The second study involved 222 online participants.  In this case, the participants were asked to imagine they were browsing Instagram and came across images of pizza from a fictitious restaurant near their home named Pizza City. They were shown photos either high or low in color saturation.

People in the study were also told they would either be eating alone or with family that night and were again asked to rate the pizza on perceived freshness and tastiness and on whether they would likely purchase the menu item.

As in the previous study, the food in the color-saturated photo was always seen as fresher and tastier and one that people would be more likely to buy.  But that effect was stronger for people who were told they would be eating alone and weaker for those who would be eating with family.

“When people are eating with others, the social experience is a big part of what people look forward to,” Liu said. “But when they anticipate eating alone, they focus more on the food itself. They want the food to be fresher and tastier and that’s why color saturation is more important in this context.”

These findings are more important now than ever before, with people ordering online and looking at photos to help them decide what to eat, Liu said.

“Restaurants have to post pictures of their food on social media and online ordering platforms,” she said. “They should be paying as much attention, or maybe more, to the photos they post as they do to the text. Color saturation is one key element they need to focus on.”

Co-authors on the study were Laurie Luorong Wu of Temple University, Xi Yu of the City University of Macau and Huiling Huang of the University of Macau in China. Xi Yu and Huiling Huang are recent doctoral graduates of the hospitality management program at Ohio State.

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Sari-sari stores drive women’s empowerment in the Philippines – study

Sari-sari stores, locally known as neighborhood mom-and-pop shops, are not just a primary source of daily essentials for around 94% of Filipinos but a vital source of empowerment among women entrepreneurs.

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Sari-sari stores, locally known as neighborhood mom-and-pop shops, are not just a primary source of daily essentials for around 94% of Filipinos but a vital source of empowerment among women entrepreneurs.

This is the finding of a study published by the Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS) in collaboration with tech start-up Packworks. The study, titled Gender, Microentrepreneurship, Human Flourishing: Exploring the Experiences of Women Sari-sari Store Owners toward Inclusive Growth,” found that women store owners experience significant psychological and social empowerment despite the many challenges they face.

According to the study, women owners take pride in being considered “entrepreneurs” and “business owners,” providing them a sense of independence, confidence, and fulfillment from managing their micro-retail businesses. Survey participants also expressed that managing and operating sari-sari stores gives them a deeper sense of purpose and meaning in their lives.

“I can buy things for myself, my kid, and my family now… I am not just a housewife anymore,” one participant in the study said. “Because of my store, I am now busy with other things apart from taking care of my family. I feel more fulfilled.”

The study also demonstrates that women store owners achieve social empowerment by earning higher social status. This is notably observed in their customers addressing them with terms of respect like ‘ma’am’ or ‘boss,’ a cultural marker of their elevated position within the community.

Furthermore, women store owners who exhibited characteristics of a “transformational leader” or qualities such as strong empathy, care, and collaboration with the community reported high levels of well-being, empowerment, optimism, and resilience. By becoming more independent and confident, women store owners were able to take on important roles within their communities.

The psychological empowerment and individual well-being the women owners experienced were evidenced by their positive results on happiness and life satisfaction, mental and physical health, meaning and purpose, character and virtue, and sense of agency and autonomy.

“This research underscores the resilience and transformative power of women sari-preneurs in the Philippines. They are the heart of their communities, and by supporting them, we are strengthening the social fabric of the nation,” said Packworks CEO Bing Tan. “At Packworks, we are driven by our mission to provide advanced business tools and services that allow these women to not only succeed in business but also to become leaders and change-makers within their communities,” he added.

The study surveyed hundreds of female sari-sari store owners in Metro Manila, Central Luzon, and Region IV-A (CALABARZON) between May and June 2024. The majority of those surveyed (90%) are married with dependents, while smaller percentages are single (7%), and the remaining as separated or widowed (3%). Additionally, 78% of the respondents contribute to their household income, 16% serve as breadwinners, and 6% are single mothers.

“This reinforces our previous findings, which revealed that 75% of sari-sari stores are owned by women. Through our business intelligence tool Sari IQ, we are able to highlight that Filipinas hold significant control over the local economy through these micro-retail enterprises,” said Packworks Lead Data Scientist Joanne Diaz.

A Filipino startup that provides a business-to-business (B2B) open platform to sari-sari stores, Packworks empowers its network of over 300,000 sari-sari stores nationwide by digitizing their daily operations with tools for pricing, inventory management, and sales tracking while also providing access to working capital, product promotions, and rewards. 

Learn more about how Packworks transforms grassroots retail and empowers sari-sari store owners across the Philippines by visiting http://packworks.io/.

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Asahi Appliances taps TikTok Shop

By tapping into TikTok Shop’s unique ACE Indicator System—Assortment, Content, and Empowerment—Asahi Appliances has modernized its approach while staying true to its legacy.

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For over four decades, Asahi Appliances has been a household name in the Philippines, known for its durable electric fans and a broad range of home appliances. Now, the brand has found new momentum in the digital marketplace through TikTok Shop, achieving remarkable growth in the latter part of 2024. By tapping into TikTok Shop’s unique ACE Indicator System—Assortment, Content, and Empowerment—Asahi Appliances has modernized its approach while staying true to its legacy.

Asahi Appliances saw a surge in sales, growing 2,700% year-over-year from Q4 2023 to Q4 2024, and 56.5% quarter-on-quarter from Q3 2024 to Q4 2024. The 11.11 Paskong Panalo Sale played a key role in this momentum, driving sales nearly six (6) times higher than the 10.10 sale that same year.

Reinventing Success with Digital Innovation

Asahi Appliances’s success on TikTok Shop exemplifies how local and heritage brands can thrive in a rapidly evolving digital space. The platform’s ACE Indicator System, which guides sellers in optimizing their assortment, enhancing content, and empowering campaigns, played a central role in this transformation. By refining its product offerings, creating engaging livestreams, and maximizing ad placements, Asahi Appliances connected with a new generation of online consumers.

“TikTok Shop has given us a platform to bring our products and story to life in a way that truly resonates with today’s audience,” said Eunice T. Sy, Vice President of Asahi Appliances. “This has been an opportunity to not just sell, but to engage with our customers on a deeper level, offering them value while staying true to the quality that has defined us since 1982.”

The Power of Assortment and Engagement

Through TikTok Shop, Asahi Appliances curated exclusive offers, including discounts, bundles, and Buy 1 Get 1 deals, tailored to its audience’s preferences. This strategy drove substantial growth, with gross merchandise value (GMV) increasing by 130% quarter-on-quarter. The brand also embraced TikTok Shop’s tools, such as the Shipping Fee Program and Bonus Cashback Program, to create a seamless and appealing shopping experience.

Complementing these efforts was a robust content strategy that featured daily livestreams and collaborations with creators. During major campaigns like 11.11, the brand extended livestream durations to seven hours, engaging customers in real time and significantly increasing impressions. These efforts translated into a 361% year on year growth in livestream sales, with product impressions surging 387% quarter-on-quarter.

Building Trust in E-Commerce

Asahi Appliances’s journey on TikTok Shop reflects the broader value of operating within a safe and trustworthy e-commerce ecosystem. TikTok Shop ensures compliance with Philippine laws, including requiring Philippine Standards (PS) Licenses or Import Commodity Clearance (ICC) certifications for regulated products. These measures provide assurance to both sellers and consumers, reinforcing the integrity of the platform.

“Trust is the foundation of any thriving digital marketplace,” said Franco Aligaen, Marketing Lead of TikTok Shop Philippines. “At TikTok Shop, we go beyond driving growth. We are committed to building a secure and transparent ecosystem where brands like Asahi Appliances can thrive, and consumers can shop with confidence, knowing they are protected by the highest standards of compliance.”

Globally, TikTok Shop has invested over USD 500 million in safety initiatives, including the development of tools to identify and remove non-compliant products. Programs like the TikTok Shop Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Report further demonstrate its commitment to fostering a secure marketplace.

A Blueprint for Filipino Excellence

Asahi Appliances’s transformation on TikTok Shop is more than just a business success; it is a testament to the potential of Filipino enterprise in the digital age. By blending innovation with heritage, the brand has demonstrated how traditional businesses can adapt to the demands of a new market while preserving their identity.

“This isn’t just about growing sales; it’s about showing what Filipino craftsmanship can achieve when paired with the right tools,” Sy added. “TikTok Shop has been an invaluable partner in this journey, helping us share our story with customers who value quality and authenticity.”

To explore Asahi Appliances’s innovative offerings and see how they’re embracing the digital marketplace, visit their official TikTok Shop.

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5 Trends shaping the future of online selling

The consumer ecommerce market is expected to approach $6 trillion by 2027, according to the International Trade Administration, up from roughly $4 trillion in 2024.

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Thanks to the explosion of ecommerce over the past couple decades, consumers can find virtually any product or service they can think of online. In fact, the consumer ecommerce market is expected to approach $6 trillion by 2027, according to the International Trade Administration, up from roughly $4 trillion in 2024.

A diverse collection of product segments is driving this growth, including everything from fashion and furniture to food and beverage. While major marketplace retailers still lead the category, ecommerce has become commonplace among small businesses, too. In fact, by the end of 2023, an estimated 80% of small businesses had at least basic ecommerce capabilities, according to a report by Digital Commerce 360.

However, small businesses are grappling with challenges such as inflation, supply chain issues and keeping pace with major retailers, among others, that are driving a variety of ecommerce trends in 2025 and beyond, including:

Video Content

Spurred by social media, video content is in high demand on ecommerce sites, too. Videos that explain how to use products, offer tips for using them and demonstrate projects that were completed using a product all earn favor with shoppers. In addition, videos that highlight product features, video reviews on social media and “live shopping events” on the social channels of ecommerce retailers can provide a more appealing interactive experience for shoppers.

Inclusive of the “live shopping events” trends, livestreaming is often popular among consumers as it can create a sense of FOMO (fear of missing out), leading to enhanced brand loyalty and engagement. Short-form videos sweeping social media also drive engagements and offer a quick, appealing way to demonstrate new or popular products.

Personalized Products

Ecommerce provides opportunities for shoppers who appreciate buying products that are uniquely their own. Online buying platforms that allow for customization of products such as shoes, clothing and drinkware can create buyer engagement and earn loyal shoppers who know they can purchase the items they want exactly to their own specifications.

In fact, a survey by McKinsey Insights found 80% of loyal customers prefer shopping with brands that offer tailored choices and personalized experiences. From color selection and accessories to performance variations, custom options can help create a highly personalized shopping experience that allow buyers to interact more directly than they would for a standardized transaction.

Beyond the initial purchase, customized reports and shipping notifications are also becoming the norm. Shippers can alert customers to their products’ delivery status – including any delays or changes – via email, text, video message or, in some cases, a customizable dashboard where consumers can view incoming shipments tied to their account or address, request a different delivery time or location, pre-sign for packages and more.

Micro Purchasing Moments

You may think phenomena like impulse buys or convenience purchases are reserved for brick-and-mortar stores, but micro-purchasing trends suggest otherwise. These purchases are typically made by someone looking for a quick solution or information in a hurry from a mobile device, such as comparing two or more similar products and clicking a “buy now” link, ordering and paying for food ahead of time to skip the line, making a hotel or excursion reservation while traveling or looking up movie showtimes and purchasing tickets from the same page. Ecommerce sites that can establish themselves as a resource, make information easy to digest and simplify the purchasing process are earning customers (and revenue).

Flexible Payment Options

Online purchases were once limited almost exclusively to credit card purchases, but over time, businesses have granted greater flexibility to shoppers when it comes to collecting payment. While this trend has been growing for several years, many contemporary ecommerce sites now accept credit or debit cards, online checks, digital wallet and mobile payment services, cryptocurrency and even installment payments via third-party providers. By 2029, the third-party payment market is expected to almost double from $62.5 billion in 2024, according to findings from Mordor Intelligence.

Simplified Shipping Options

Evolving technology isn’t just improving the browsing and purchasing side of ecommerce; shipping operations are also seeing enhancements. For example, ShipAccel, a digital platform designed by Pitney Bowes, simplifies and enhances shipping operations with advanced ecommerce technology. The platform empowers early ecommerce brands to ship like larger companies with access to discounted carrier rates; more than 80 integrations including leading marketplaces, data and insights to help make smarter shipping decisions; branded tracking; and return capabilities. It features a collection of apps, widgets and application programming interfaces to easily configure new workflows and seamlessly meet the demands of business growth.

“As ecommerce becomes a mainstay, shippers must take a technology-first approach, utilizing platforms that can grow along with the business and partnering with providers who offer deep expertise in the segment,” said Shemin Nurmohamed, president of Sending Technology Solutions at Pitney Bowes. “As a result of using technology like ShipAccel, ecommerce shippers can save money, enhance operational efficiencies and delight customers – all of which support the business’ bottom line.”

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